GAMBARAN SOSIAL EKONOMI DAN DEMOGRAFI, RIWAYAT KEHAMILAN, PENGETAHUAN GIZI, KUALITAS KONSUMSI PANGAN, DAN STATUS GIZI PADA IBU HAMIL

Abstract

Nutritional issues that persist in Indonesia include Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) among pregnant women, which contributes to elevated maternal mortality rates and low birth weight in infants. This study aimed to examine the socio-economic and demographic, pregnancy history, nutritional knowledge, quality of food consumption, and nutritional status of pregnant women in the Kalapanunggal Health Center Working Area. The study used a cross-sectional design and collected primary and secondary data from respondents. The results indicated that most subjects were in the age range of 20-35 years (90.2%), unemployed (86.3%) or as housewives, with education levels (66.7%) at the high school level; family income levels were below the minimum wage of Sukabumi Regency (92%), and the number of family members was relatively small (68.6%). Most subjects had ideal parity (47.1%), ideal pregnancy spacing (94.1%), and moderate (51%) to poor (45.1%) nutritional knowledge. Additionally, most subjects had diverse food consumption (52%) with normal nutritional status (86%). However, 14% of pregnant women were found to be CED. It can be concluded that most pregnant women aged 20-35 years had demographic characteristics indicating low education levels, family income, and a small number of family members. Although some subjects had ideal parity and pregnancy spacing, a significant proportion experienced CED. Suggestions to improve this condition included the need for more intensive nutritional education programs and the provision of additional food to meet nutritional needs to reduce the risk of CED.